Interactives - History WWII

Inside WWII
Go inside World War II and get new insight into the people, battles and events you thought you knew.

http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/interactives/inside-wwii-interactive

Fact of the Day

Fact of the Day : In Australian military history what caused the Wazza riots of 1915? (from The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History)

Wazza Riots (so-called) took place in Cairo's brothel district on 2 April and 31 July 1915. They seem to have started when Australian and New Zealand troops sacked brothels because of grievances against the prostitutes.

Although the involvement of the military police did exacerbate the situation during both disturbances, the military police were quickly withdrawn when this became apparent and left the situation to the local piquets and to the large numbers of soldiers who were mere onlookers, who worked to calm down the small number of men actually involved in the disturbances and convince them to desist.

In both instances, only a few hundred men of the thousands present were actually involved and it is probable that these men represented the ‘bad element’ that Bridges and Birdwood worked hard to eliminate from the AIF. Contrary to popular myth, both incidents were confined to one side of one small street, rather than the whole Haret-el-Wasser, as generally stated, and in neither incident was there any conflict between the soldiers taking part and the local Egyptian population.

Damages in the first instance were recompensed by the Australian and New Zealand governments at the ratio of two-thirds by Australia and one-third by New Zealand. Damages for the second disturbance on 31 July , which popular myth holds to be the lesser of the two outbreaks, were in fact six times higher and on this occasion the whole cost of compensation was charged to the Australian government.

Graham Wilson

How to cite this entry:
Graham Wilson "Wazza Riots" The Oxford Companion Australian Military History. Ed Peter Dennis, Jeffrey Grey, Ewan Morris, Robin Prior and Jean Bou. Oxford University Press 2009. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 31 July 2011

Book Review by Miriam Stone

Unbearable lightness: a story of loss and gain by Portia de Rossi

Book Review by Miriam Stone

There seems to be a glut of autobiographies on the market and every celebrity has a secret that has to be told right now. I have wondered why some of these secrets have to come out at all. Mackenzie Phillips said she was truly cleansed when she revealed that she had sex with her father for ten years. But, her family wasn’t so happy and I’m sure they didn’t get any of the financial profits from the sale of the book. But, Mackenzie did. And if you don’t like her secret, Ashley Judd has one and so does her sister. Rob Lowe and Meredith Baxter wrote books this year and books were written about Michael Jackson and Keith Richard.

And then we have Portia de Rossi. She has written a beautiful book holding nothing back. She does reveal her fears about getting fat, her fear about being outed as a homosexual, but she does it in a way that bares her very soul and almost makes it painful to read this small book. Portia’s Clearfield Co Pub Lib fears about gaining weight are so extreme that she diets herself down to 80 pounds. She makes not only a meal of a stick of chewing gum, she makes it her whole days intake of food. And then she runs in order to lose the few calories she gained from the gum.

Her body suffers to the point that her organs begin to shut down. She harms her liver so bad that she begins to suffer from cirrhosis. She develops lupus, an autoimmune disease. But, she still feels the need to control her body and if dieting isn’t enough, then bulimia will be the next step.

She finally stops starving herself and her weight goes to 165 pounds. During this period she meets Ellen. She is drawn to her but it takes a few years for them to finally get together. She and Ellen are married and she credits Ellen with helping her to look at who she is and become comfortable in her body. She has become a spokeswoman for gay rights and women’s health issues.

Portia holds nothing back and takes a dark issue out into the light. I am so impressed with this book and with the author that I think it can become a great source of information for parents of children with eating disorders. I also think that any girl who has this problem will find a greater understanding of themselves through Portia de Rossi and what she has to say, than through any other source material.

She also addresses the issue of a girl who tries hard to view the world as a heterosexual when her eyes can only see everything as a homosexual. She lives in total fear that she will be found out in Hollywood and she will never work again. Indeed she marries a man and tries to live a heterosexual lifestyle for three years. When she finally comes out, she only wants to come out quietly so she won’t have to face her parents and tell them. Young people, not just girls, will identify with the incredible desire to live their real lives and the fear of how to do just that. Portia talks about the day she marries Ellen and her mother is there helping her with her wedding dress and her mother tells her that she is so proud of her.

This is a book of pain and fear, but it is ultimately a tale of hope and happiness. It is a book to be read.

Fact of the Day

Fact of the Day : Which US singer and songwriter was born Steveland Judkins Morris? (from World Encyclopedia )

Wonder, Stevie (1950– ) US soul singer and songwriter, b. Steveland Judkins Morris. Blind from birth, Wonder was a precocious polymath, playing the harmonica, keyboard, guitar, and drums. In 1961, he joined Motown Records. His first album, Little Stevie Wonder: A 12-year-old Musical Genius, was an instant hit. Consistently successful, his albums include Talking Book (1972), Innervisions (1973), Songs in the Key of Life (1976) and Hotter Than July (1980).


How to cite this entry:
"Wonder, Stevie" World Encyclopedia. Philip's, 2008. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 30 July 2011

Fact of the Day

Fact of the Day : What is Levirate law? (from A Dictionary of the Bible)

"Levirate law" An injunction that if a married man died without children, it was the duty of a brother or other near relative to marry the widow, and the son of the union would be reckoned to be the son of the first husband (Deut. 25: 5–10).

The law did not forbid a man to be married twice (Deut. 21: 15–17), but it was possible for a brother or kinsman to relinquish his right to marry a widow by taking off his shoe and giving it to a neighbour (Ruth 4: 7).

Levirate law seems to be presupposed in the dialogue of Matt. 22: 23–30 between Jesus and the Sadducees—religious conservatives, who did not believe the comparatively recent doctrine of resurrection but did acknowledge the authority of the Pentateuch.

Jesus argues that life after death is of a different order from that of the present, and the Levirate law does not apply to the case cited by the Sadducees. Jesus quotes Exod. 3: 6.


How to cite this entry:
"Levirate law" A Dictionary of the Bible. by W. R. F. Browning. Oxford University Press Inc. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 29 July 2011

Fact of the Day

Fact of the Day : Which British multimedia artist created the works 'Thirty Pieces of Silver' and 'Cold Dark Matter: An Exploded View'? (from A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art)

Parker, Cornelia (1956– )

British multimedia artist, born in Cheshire. She studied at Gloucester College of Art, Wolverhampton College of Art, and Reading University. Much of her work is dependent on the appropriation and sometimes transformation of existing objects. However, the objects are nothing like the Duchampian ready-mades.

They are not mass-produced items which had no status or dignity before they were singled out as art. Instead they are often objects with strong powers of association, which carry what Walter Benjamin would call an ‘aura’. Some part of Parker's project seems to be searching for instances where this quality still resides.

For instance, in 2006 as the result of a commission by the Brontë Parsonage Museum in Haworth, she produced works consisting of close-up photographs of items that were used by Charlotte Brontë, such as her needle or her pen nib, materials which have a history. To fully appreciate the work the viewer needs some knowledge of this history. The Pornographic Drawings (1996, Tate) are Rorschach-test-like images which suggest naked bodies in such an inexplicit and vague way that few would describe them as the title does.

However, they have been painted with liquid solutions of video tapes which have been seized and condemned as obscene by Customs and Excise. In another piece a doll was cut in half by the same blade which beheaded Marie Antoinette. Her best-known works are probably her visually impressive installations. Thirty Pieces of Silver (1988–9, Tate) suspends silver and plate objects just above the floor.

Once obviously prized by their owners but now discarded, they were crushed flat by Parker with a steamroller. Cold Dark Matter: An Exploded View (1992, Tate) fills the room with the suspended dark fragments of a shed which was exploded, at Parker's instructions, by the British army. The impact of the work is enhanced by the light shining in the middle.

Parker's recent work has been increasingly informed by her environmental and political concerns. Chomskian Abstract (2007) is a 40-minute video work consisting only of discussion of current affairs, especially of the destructive power of American business and government interests, by the radical philosopher Noam Chomsky.


Bibliography
Further Reading
R. C. Johnston, ‘Cornelia Parker is out to save the planet’, The Times (12 February 2008)
C. Parker, Never Endings (2007)


How to cite this entry:
"Parker, Cornelia" A Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art by Ian Chilvers and John Glaves-Smith. Oxford University Press Inc. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 28 July 2011

Scheduled Classes for Computers

9:30 a.m. - 10:45 a.m. Reserved

Where: Yocum Library Instruction Area

Description: Ms. Nina Mollica Basic Writing COM 041 (20) Reserve the 12 instruction

computers without library staff instruction.

12:30 p.m. - 1:45 p.m. Reserved

Where: Yocum Library Instruction Area

Description: Ms. Nina Mollica Basic Writing COM 040 (20) Reserve the 12 instruction

computers without library staff instruction.

Fact of the Day

Fact of the Day : The Concorde fallacy was first identified and named in 1976. What is it? (from A Dictionary of Psychology)

Concorde fallacy n. Continuing to invest in a project merely to justify past investment in it, rather than assessing the current rationality of investing, irrespective of what has gone before.

Thus gamblers often throw good money after bad in an attempt to escape from escalating debts, marriage partners often become trapped in escalating spirals of hostility and counter-hostility from which they feel increasingly incapable of extricating themselves on account of past emotional investments, and the length of time a female great golden digger wasp Sphex ichneumoneus is prepared to fight over a disputed burrow depends not on how much food there is in the burrow but on how much she herself has put there, the wasp that has carried the largest amount of prey into the burrow being generally least willing to give up fighting.

The phenomenon was first identified and named in an article in the journal Nature in 1976 by the British ethologist Richard Dawkins (born 1941) and his undergraduate student Tamsin R. Carlisle (born 1954). Also called the sunk cost fallacy, especially in decision theory and economics. See also Dollar Auction game. [Named after the Anglo-French supersonic airliner, the Concorde, whose cost rose steeply during its development phase in the 1970s so that it soon became uneconomical, but British and French governments continued to support it to justify past investment]


How to cite this entry:
"Concorde fallacy n." A Dictionary of Psychology. Edited by Andrew M. Colman. Oxford University Press 2009. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 27 July 2011

Reserved Group Study Rooms

11:30 a.m. - 1 p.m. Tower Room reserved
Where: Tower Room
Description: Meeting with Jill Melones and Danelle Bower.

4 p.m. - 6 p.m. Yocum 103 Reserved
Where: Yocum 103
Description: Multicultural Awareness Initiative with Alexis Jardine.

6 p.m. - 9 p.m. Tower Room reserved
Where: Tower Room
Description: Honors Ethics Class (10 students) with John Morgan.

Reserved Group Study Rooms

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Where: Tower Room

Description: ESL Study Group with Claire Young with 7 students

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Where: Yocum Library Instruction Area

Description: Ms. Nina Mollica Basic Writing COM 041 (20) Introduction to The Yocum

Library presented by Ms. Kim Stahler.

12:30 p.m. - 1:45 p.m. Reserved

Where: Yocum Library Instruction Area

Description: Ms. Nina Mollica Basic Writing COM 041 (20) Introduction to The Yocum

Library presented by Ms. Kim Stahler

Fact of the Day

Fact of the Day : What happened during the macabre three-day ‘cadaver synod’ over which Pope Stephen VI presided in January 897? (from A Dictionary of Popes)

Stephen VI (VII) (May 896–Aug. 897) Nothing is known of his background except that he was a Roman by birth, son of a presbyter named John, and was consecrated bishop of Anagni by Formosus, whose implacable foe he nevertheless became.

Although originally loyal to the German emperor Arnulf (896–9), crowned by Formosus on 22 Feb. 896, he switched his allegiance to Lambert of Spoleto (d. 898), whom Formosus had crowned as co-emperor with his father Guido III (d. 894) in 892, when after Arnulf's paralysis and return to Germany Lambert emerged as ruler of Italy.

The sole important event of his reign which has been recorded is the macabre three-day ‘cadaver synod’ over which he presided in Jan. 897. The suggestion that it was instigated in part by Lambert and his mother Ageltrude, resentful against Formosus for having crowned Arnulf, is now generally dismissed: there was sufficient motive in the bitter personal animosity which he and a powerful faction of Romans nourished against the dead pontiff, and also in Stephen's quest for legitimacy.

At this mock trial Formosus' disinterred corpse, clad in full papal vestments and propped up on a throne, was solemnly arraigned on charges of perjury, violating the canons prohibiting the translation of bishops, and coveting the papacy. A deacon stood by and answered for him.

Formosus was found guilty, and all his acts were declared null and void, including his ordinations; his body was finally flung into the Tiber. While Stephen's participation in this gruesome affair can only be explained by near-hysterical hatred, it is evident that he personally profited by the nullification of Formosus' acts since the resulting cancellation of his own consecration as bishop of Anagni swept away any objections that might be raised, under the canon law of the time, to his elevation to the papacy.

In the following months Stephen was active in requiring clergy ordained by Formosus to produce letters renouncing their orders as invalid. His appalling conduct, however, did not long remain unpunished. A few months later there was a popular reaction, and the outraged supporters of Formosus, encouraged by reports of miracles worked by his humiliated corpse, perhaps also interpreting the sudden collapse of the Lateran basilica as a divine judgement, rose in rebellion, deposed Stephen, stripped him of his papal insignia, and threw him into gaol, where he was shortly afterwards strangled.

Further Reading
JW i. 439 f., ii. 705
LP ii. 229
E. Dümmler , Auxilius und Vulgarius (Leipzig, 1866)
J. Duhr , ‘Le Concile de Ravenne en 898’ , RSR 22 (1932), esp. pp.576–8
Seppelt ii. 341–3, 346, 349
DHGE xv. 1196 f. ( A. Dumas )
EThC 141 ( S. Scholz )
Levillain iii. 1459–60 (K. Herbers)
NCE xiii. 520 ( P. J. Mullins )


How to cite this entry:
"Stephen VI (VII)" The Oxford Dictionary of Popes. by J. N. D. Kelly. Oxford University Press Inc. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 26 July 2011

Reserved Group Study Rooms

1 p.m. - 4 p.m. Y 103 Reserved

Where: Y 103

Description: MAI Training with Ms. Jardine and Ms. Bower.

6 p.m. - 9 p.m. Tower Room reserved

Where: Tower Room

Description: Honors Ethics Class (10 students) with John Morgan.

Fact of the Day

Fact of the Day : What is the condition of synaesthesia? (from The Oxford Companion to Consciousness)
synaesthesia- Synaesthetes taste what we taste, hear what we hear, and see what we see, but when they engage in these perceptual acts they also experience something extra. Tastes can be accompanied by feelings of texture, sounds by tastes, and in the most common form of synaesthesia, ordinary black letters and digits induce experiences of colour. As one synaesthete relates ‘I know the letters are black, but I also see a colour above the black letter’. It is these ‘extra’ perceptions that distinguish a synaesthete's perceptual world from our own (see Cytowic 2002 for these and other examples of synaesthesia). Unlike extra perceptions that can be temporarily experienced under the influence of certain drugs (LSD) or under hypnotic suggestion, for people with true, developmental synaesthesia, their synaesthetic experiences have coloured their cognition for as long as they can remember.

The inducers of synaesthetic experiences can be relatively simple (a tone, the letter K), or more complex (the word January). For time–space synaesthetes, July is not only pink, but occupies a discrete location in space (e.g. 45° to the right of midline). For P. D., each month has a different colour, and the months are located in discrete positions that surround her body.

Although synaesthetes can experience a variety of synaesthetic concurrents (taste, touch, sound) colour is by far the most common synaesthetic experience. Synaesthetes describe colours that range from the ordinary (colours that they can match to those on a colour palette) to the extraordinary—colours that they claim never to have seen in the real world (Ramachandran and Hubbard 2001). Intriguingly, for some synaesthetes, colour words like ‘red’ can induce colours different from that referenced by the word (e.g. when shown ‘red’, they experience blue). This so‐called alien colour effect suggests that synaesthetic colours are not simply the result of associative learning (Gray 2005).

For more on synaesthetes go to...
http://www.oxfordreference.com/pub/views/fact-of-the-day.html?date=2011-07-25

Fact of the Day

Fact of the Day : In nautical terms what does 'to splice the main brace' mean? (from The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea)


splice the main brace, to, a traditional term in the British Navy meaning to serve out an additional tot of grog to a ship's crew. The main brace itself was a purchase attached to the main lower yard of a square-rigged ship to brace the yard round to the wind.

However, it probably has little to do with the saying beyond the fact that hauling on the main brace called for a maximum effort by the crew. In the days of sail the main brace was spliced (in terms of drink) in very bad weather or after a period of severe exertion by the crew, more as a pick-me-up than for any other purpose.

But with the introduction of steam propulsion, with machines to take most of the harder labour out of seagoing, the main brace was spliced only on occasions of celebration or, occasionally, after battle. Now that rum is no longer issued aboard ship, splicing the main brace is a thing of the past.


How to cite this entry:
"splice the main brace, to" The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea. Ed. I. C. B. Dear and Peter Kemp. Oxford University Press, 2007. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 24 July 2011

Free Summer Kids Movies-Reading Movies 11 & IMAX

JULY 26, 2011 - AUGUST 18, 2011

READING MOVIES 11 & IMAX FREE SUMMER KIDS MOVIES!


DATE & TIME: Tuesday-Thursday each week beginning June 21st to August 18, 2011. Show times are at 10am.
LOCATION: Reading Movies 11 & IMAX, 30 N. 2nd Street, Reading, 19601
PHONE: 610-374-2828

MOVIE SCHEDULE:

July 26-28: MEGAMIND
August 2-4: ALVIN AND THE CHIPMUNKS
August 9-11: CLOUDY WITH A CHANCE OF MEAT BALLS
August 16-18: FLUSHED AWAY

Fact of the Day

Fact of the Day : Which is the world's largest inland sea? (from The Oxford Companion to Canadian History)

Hudson Bay, ‘land of fog and bog’, is the world's largest sea (637,000 sq km) within the boundaries of one country. The west shore is composed of lowlands while the east shore has steep margins. Twice-daily tides, highest on the west shore, can reach nearly 4 m at Churchill. The bay freezes in winter; ice persists until June. The boundary between the arctic and boreal climatic regions falls between York Factory and Churchill, roughly coincident with the tree line, continuous permafrost (60 m deep at Churchill), and with the 10o C summer isotherm. The tree line has moved north since the Little Ice Age ( AD 1450 – 1850 ). Cree Indians reside on James Bay and the southwest coast of Hudson Bay. Inuit occupy the west coast from 60 degrees north and the east coast north of 55 degrees. The bay and the waters draining into it were assigned by royal charter in 1670 to the Hudson's Bay Company and not relinquished until 1870 . During its first century the HBC operated posts only on the bay, notably Churchill, York Factory, Severn, Albany, and Moose Factory. At these posts, fur traders kept weather records over a longer period than anywhere else in North America (810,735 data points for York Factory and Churchill combined), and collected bird species for Linnaeus to describe in 1758 , exceeded in number only by Catesby's collections from South Carolina. William Wales observed the transit of Venus at Churchill in 1769 , helping to determine the distance from the earth to the sun. Christopher Middleton studied the effects of cold, and Dr Thomas Hutchins determined the congealing point of mercury, both efforts earning the prestigious Copley Medal. In 1929 , the Hudson Bay Railway reached Churchill, a shorter route than the Great Lakes for grain shipments to Europe. Churchill is a popular birding destination because of the juxtaposition of freshwater lakes and saltwater, boreal forest and subarctic tundra.

C. Stuart Houston

How to cite this entry:
C. Stuart Houston "Hudson Bay" The Oxford Companion to Canadian History. Ed. Gerald Hallowell. Oxford University Press, 2004. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 23 July 2011

Area Librarians at Reading Pride

From left to right, Kim Stahler , Instruction/Reference Librarian at Yocum, and Tracee Yawger, Director at the Spring Township Library, show off GLBT Berks County library materials at the Reading Pride Celebration this past Sunday, July 17. This was the festival’s biggest year yet, with over 2000 people attending.

Right, Kim and Beth, the PR director of Spring Township helping a patron with question about library services.

Below- Technical Services Librarian Brenna Corbit, Library Volunteer -Jolene Flamm and Marsha Corbit.

Fact of the Day

Fact of the Day : What is a Finsen unit? (from A Dictionary of Weights, Measures, and Units)

finsen unit [ N. R. Finsen ; Denmark 1860 – 1904 ] physics. Symbol FU. A measure of the intensity of ultraviolet rays, pertinent to natural and artificial sun-tanning, 1 FU corresponding to an energy intensity of 10 [mu] W[dot]m-2 from rays of wavelength 296.7 nm (1010.~ THz).

How to cite this entry:
"finsen unit" A Dictionary of Weights, Measures, and Units. Ed. Donald Fenna. Oxford University Press, 2002. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 22 July 2011

Scheduled Classes and Reserved Rooms

8 a.m. - 9:30 a.m. Reserved

Where: Yocum Library Instruction Area

Description: Reserve the 12 instruction computers without library staff instruction

for Ms. Brenda Essig Basics of Reading COM 021 (17) class.

===========================================

4 p.m. - 6 p.m. Yocum 103 Reserved

Where: Yocum 103

Description: Multicultural Awareness Initiative with Alexis Jardine.

6 p.m. - 9 p.m. Tower Room reserved

Where: Tower Room

Description: Honors Ethics Class (10 students) with John Morgan.

Scheduled Classes and Reserved Rooms

Scheduled Class

12:30 p.m. - 1:30 p.m. Reserved

Where: Yocum Library instruction area

Description: Mr. Walentis COM121 (20) No instruction, reserve 12 library computers.

===========================================

Reserved Room

11 a.m. - 1 p.m. Tower Room Reserved

Where: Tower Room

Description: ESL Study Group with Claire Young with 7 students.

Fact of the Day

Fact of the Day : In which film did Bing Crosby's 'White Christmas' feature?

(from Who's Who in the Twentieth Century)

Crosby, Bing ( Harry Lillis Crosby ; 1904 – 1977 ) US singer and actor. Affectionately known as ‘Der Bingle’ and ‘The Old Groaner’, he was the most popular singer of his generation and the first and best-known crooner. Born in Tacona, Washington, Crosby began his career as a singer in a vocal group with Paul Whiteman ( 1890 – 1967 ) and his orchestra ( 1926 – 30 ).

However, with the advent of radio he became known to much wider audiences, which led ultimately to his spectacular success in records, film, and television.

He was the first popular singer to understand the use of a microphone, into which he crooned intimately in a conversational style, giving more weight to the lyrics than to the notes. He also used slurs, sang the consonants, and borrowed other devices from jazz. His style influenced every other singer that came after him.

He had about eighty hit records after 1940 ; his recording of the Irving Berlin song ‘White Christmas’ (from the 1942 film Holiday Inn) became one of the best-selling records in history.

Apart from his voice, Crosby cultivated a pleasing public persona and had a perfect comedian's timing. He appeared in more than sixty films between 1930 and 1966 , including the ‘ Road to…’ series of comedies ( 1940 – 62 ) with Bob Hope , his friend and golfing companion, and Going My Way ( 1944 ), for which he won an Academy Award. His television series ( 1964 ) was extremely popular.


How to cite this entry:
"Crosby, Bing" Who's Who in the Twentieth Century. Oxford University Press, 1999. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 19 July 2011

Scheduled Classes and Reserved Rooms

Scheduled Classes

6 p.m. - 7 p.m. Reserved

Where: Yocum Library instruction area

Description: Mr. Walentis COM121 (20) No instruction, reserve 12 library computers.

Reserved Rooms

6 p.m. - 9 p.m. Tower Room reserved

Where: Tower Room

Description: Honors Ethics Class (10 students) with John Morgan.

Fact of the Day

Fact of the Day : Which island in the Pacific Ocean was previously known as Formosa?
(from World Encyclopedia )

Taiwan - Taiwan, formerly Formosa, is an island c.140km [87mi] off the S coast of mainland China. The country administers a number of islands close to the mainland, including Quemoy (Jinmen) and Matsu (Mazu).

High mountain ranges, extending the length of the island, occupy the central and E regions. Only a quarter of the island's surface is used for agriculture. The highest peak is Yü Shan (Morrison Mountain), 3,952m [12,966ft] above sea level. Several peaks in the central ranges rise to more than 3,000m [10,000ft] and carry dense forests of broadleaved evergreen trees, such as camphor and Chinese cork oak. Above 1,500m [5,000ft] conifers, such as pine, larch and cedar, dominate. In the E, where the mountains often drop steeply down to the sea, the short rivers have cut deep gorges. The W slopes are more gentle.

Climate
Taiwan has a tropical monsoon climate. The annual rainfall exceeds 2,000mm [79in] in almost all areas. From July to September the island is often hit by typhoons. When humidity is high in the heat can be oppressive.

History
Chinese settlers arrived in Taiwan from the 7th century AD displacing the native population, but large settlements were not established until the 17th century. When the Portuguese first reached the island in 1590 they named it Formosa - meaning ‘beautiful island’ - but chose not to settle there. The Dutch occupied a trading port in 1624, but were driven out in 1661 by refugees from the deposed Ming Dynasty on the mainland. A Ming official tried to use the island as a base for attacking the Manchu Qing Dynasty, but without success. The Manchus took the island in 1683 and incorporated it into what is now Fujian province.

The Manchus settled the island in the late 18th century and, by the mid 19th century, the population had increased to about 2,500,000. The island was a major producer of sugar and rice, which were exported to the mainland. In 1886 the island became a Chinese province, and Taipei became its capital in 1894. However, in 1895, Taiwan was ceded to Japan following the Sino-Japanese War. Japan used the island as a source of food crops and, from the 1930s, developed manufacturing industries based on hydroelectricity.

Politics
In 1945, the Japanese army surrendered Taiwan to General Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomintang nationalist government. Following victories by Mao Zedong's Communists, about 2 million Nationalists, together with their leader, fled the mainland to Taiwan in the two years before 1949, when the People's Republic of China was proclaimed. The influx was met with hostility by the 8 million Taiwanese and the new regime, the ‘Republic of China’, was imposed with force. Boosted by help from the United States, Chiang's government set about ambitious programmes for land reform and industrial expansion and, by 1980, Taiwan had become one of the top 20 industrial nations. Economic development was accompanied by a marked rise in living standards.

Nevertheless, Taiwan remained politically isolated and it lost its seat in the United Nations to Communist China in 1971. It was then abandoned diplomatically by the United States in 1979, when the US switched its recognition to mainland China. However, in 1987 with continuing progress in the economy, martial law was lifted by the authoritarian regime in Taiwan. In 1988, a native Taiwanese became president and in 1991 the country's first general election was held.

China continued to regard Taiwan as a Chinese province and, in 1999, tension developed when the Taiwanese President Lee Teng-hui stated that relations between China and Taiwan should be on a ‘special state-by-state’ basis. This angered the Chinese President Jiang Zemin, whose ‘one-nation’ policy was based on the concept that China and Taiwan should be regarded as one country with two equal governments. Tension mounted in 2000, when Taiwan's opposition leader, Chen Shui-bian, was elected president, because Chen had adopted a pro-independence stance. However, after the elections, Chen adopted a more conciliatory approach to mainland China.

Economy
The economy depends on manufacturing and trade. Manufactures include electronic goods, footwear and clothing, ships and television sets. The western coastal plains produce large rice crops. Other products include bananas, pineapples, sugar cane, sweet potatoes and tea.

area 36,000 sq km (13,900 sq miles)
population 22,974,000
capital Taipei
government Unitary multiparty republic
ethnic groups Taiwanese 84%, mainland Chinese 14%
languages Mandarin Chinese (official), Min, Hakka
religions Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism
currency New Taiwan dollar = 100 cents
GDP per capita 30,200 US$

How to cite this entry:
"Taiwan" World Encyclopedia. Philip's, 2008. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 18 July 2011

Reading Pride Festival!

Join us on July 17, 2011 in Centre Park! 11:30- 5:30 p.m.

The Yocum Library will be at Reading Pride showing its significant collections of GLBT books and films.

There will be other librarians from the Berks County Public Libraries.

Sunday, July 17

11:30am

Reading Pride Festival!

WhenSun, July 17, 11:30am – 5:30pm

WhereCentre Park, Reading (map)

Description$3 Admission Live on Stage - Ms. Martha Wash Performing her #1 hit “It’s Raining Men”, her latest hit “I’ve Got You”, as well as many of her other hit songs Reading Pride Perennial Favorite Tom Goss Miss Reading Pride Celebration 2011 Precious Caliénté as well as many of your favorite drag queens & kings Join Us For: Reading Idol

National Ice Cream Day

July 17, 2011 is National Ice Cream Day.

Turkey Hill ice cream factory in Columbia, PA offers tours for the family. Parts of the tour are free but, the interactive tour are charged admission.

The scoop: Open year-round. One local history section is free, but admission to the interactive exhibits (which includes sections on ice cream and iced-tea production) is $11.50 for adults; $9.50 for seniors and kids 5-17; kids 4 and under, free.

At the Turkey Hill Experience in Columbia, Pa., visitors won’t see the factory in action, but can milk a mechanical cow, sit in a milk truck, create an ice cream flavor, study the ice cream making process and taste a sample.

Fact of the Day

Which British novelist wrote 'Middlemarch' and 'Daniel Deronda'? (from A Dictionary of Writers and their Works)

‘Eliot, George’ [Mary Ann Eliot, later Marian, Evans] (1819–1880) British novelist
The Life of Jesus, Critically Examined by Dr David Friedrich Strauss (1846) Non-Fiction
The Essence of Christianity [as Marian Evans] (1854) Non-Fiction
Scenes of Clerical Life (1858) Fiction
Adam Bede (1859) Fiction
‘The Lifted Veil’ [in Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine] (July 1859)
The Mill on the Floss (1860) Fiction
Silas Marner, the Weaver of Waveloe (1861) Fiction
Romola (1863) Fiction
‘Brother Jacob’ [in the Cornhill Magazine] (June 1864)
Felix Holt, the Radical (1866) Fiction
The Spanish Gypsy (1868) Poetry
Agatha (1869) Poetry
Brother and Sister [as Marian Lewes] (1869) Poetry
Middlemarch (1871) Fiction
The Legend of Jubal, and Other Poems (1874) Poetry
Daniel Deronda (1876) Fiction
Impresssions of Theophrastus Such (1879) Fiction

How to cite this entry:
"‘Eliot, George’" A Dictionary of Writers and their Works. Ed. Michael Cox. Oxford University Press, 2001. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 17 July 2011

Fact of the Day : In geographical terms what are Rossby waves?

(from A Dictionary of Geography)

Rossby waves Long ridges and troughs in the westerly movements of the upper air, with a wavelength of around 2 000 km, discovered by C. J. Rossby in 1939 . Four to six waves girdle the Northern Hemisphere at any one time. Some are a response to relief barriers, like those east of the Rockies, and east of the Himalayas ( O'Kane and Frederiksen ( 2005 ) ANZIAM J. 46 (E), C704–C718).

Rossby waves are thought to be a reaction to the unequal heating of the earth's surface, and are intimately connected with the formation of cyclones ( Li et al. ( 2006 ) J. Atmos. Scis 63, 5), anticyclones ( Chen and Newman ( 1998 ) J. Climate 11, 10), and mid-latitude depressions. As air in the middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere travels west–east into a trough, it slows down, and piles up, causing convergence just ahead of the ridge which follows. Convergence in the upper air causes a downflow to the ground, creating high pressure systems at ground level, below and just ahead of troughs in the Rossby waves. As air leaves the trough, and its passage straightens out, air speeds pick up, and the air moves very fast as it swings round the outer arc of the ridge. Air then diverges just ahead of the next trough. Divergence in the upper air causes low pressure systems at ground level below and just ahead of ridges.

At times, the waves are few, and shallow; a pattern known as a high zonal index. In other cases, the flow becomes markedly meridional ; a pattern known as a low zonal index . Upon occasion, the waves break down into a series of cells (Rossby wave-breaking; see blocking ). Woollings and Hoskins ( 2008 ) J. Atmos. Scis 65, 2 suggest that the low-frequency variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation results from variations in upper-level Rossby wave-breaking events.Rossby wave

How to cite this entry:
"Rossby waves" A Dictionary of Geography. Susan Mayhew. Oxford University Press 2009 Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 16 July 2011

The Meditation Garden Behind Yocum

Meditation Garden

A meditation garden, the gift of the Class of 2009 and philosophy students of Dr. John Morgan, is available for anyone wishing to take a moment or two for quiet reflection. Some classes have also utilized the garden for class while also walking the pathway beside the river. The garden is located behind the Yocum Library and as a beginning consists of two benches and a circular wall.

The earliest schools of philosophy in ancient Greece (Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum) also had gardens available for students who often took walks as part of their studies. These were the first "liberal arts" schools since they contained the elements of humanities, philosophy, science, mathematics and physical education.

Future philosophy students may propose additions to the garden, as initial plans included the possibility of a small labyrinth and trees leading into the garden space, as well as possible programs to provide conflict resolution training to pupils in neighboring schools.

Fact of the Day : Who was the last Greek pope?

(from A Dictionary of Popes)

Zacharias, St (3 Dec. 741–15 Mar. 752) Born c. 679 in Calabria (or possibly Athens) of Greek stock, he worked closely as a deacon with Gregory III. The last of the Greek popes, he was a cultivated man who translated Gregory the Great's Dialogues into Greek, and was admired for his gentle, compassionate bearing. He combined with this, however, political adroitness and great personal persuasiveness.

First, he reversed Gregory III's policy towards the Lombards, who had seized key fortresses in the Campagna and were threatening Rome itself. Abandoning the alliance with Duke Trasamund of Spoleto, he sent envoys to the Lombard king Liutprand (712–44), then met him personally in his camp at Terni (spring 742), and by promising the help of the Roman militia obtained not only the return of the fortresses and other towns, of confiscated papal estates, and of all prisoners, but a twenty-year truce between the Lombards and Rome. In 743, when the Lombards switched their attack to Ravenna and the remaining Byzantine possessions in Italy, and the distracted exarch Eutychius implored him to mediate, Zacharias again intervened, visited Liutprand at Pavia (29 June 743), and prevailed on the reluctant king to evacuate the occupied districts and consent to an armistice. Liutprand's successor Ratchis confirmed the twenty-year truce with Rome; but when he renewed the offensive against the exarchate by laying siege to Perugia, thus cutting the road between Rome and Ravenna, the pope induced (749) him too, by persuasion and gifts, to desist. But this was the last of his successes with the Lombards. Ratchis was obliged to abdicate and his brother Aistulf, who replaced him (July 749), revived the Lombard expansionist ambitions and, after capturing Ravenna (summer 751) and bringing the Byzantine exarchate to an end, was soon aiming his sights at Rome.

With Constantinople, relations with which had been stormy as a result of Emperor Leo III's (717–41) ban on images and their veneration (iconoclasm), Zacharias was able to reach an at any rate temporary modus vivendi. Although his appointment had not needed imperial ratification, he was careful to send envoys to the capital to announce it and to convey synodical letters to the patriarch; he was the last pope to do so. While thus indicating that there was no break with the eastern church, he also made his objection to iconoclasm clear to Emperor Constantine V (741–75) and Patriarch Anastasius. When the envoys arrived, they found the usurper Artavasdus (741–2) on the throne, but while they had no option but to recognize him, both they and the pope seem to have behaved with diplomatic reserve. At any rate, when Constantine was restored in Nov. 743, he bore no grudge against Rome but made a grant to the holy see of the large and lucrative estates of Norma and Ninfa in south Lazio. In fact, while Constantine was a fanatical iconoclast and Zacharias an orthodox defender of images, they seem to have tacitly agreed to play the issue down. The emperor was aware of, and must have been grateful for, the help the pope had given his exarch to keep hold of Ravenna, and for the moment preferred to have him as a friend while he consolidated his position and dealt with the Arabs and Bulgars.

Zacharias's dealings with Boniface (680–754), Apostle of Germany, and with the Franks—since Charles Martell's death (29 Oct. 741) ruled by his sons Carloman and Pepin III (714/15–68) as mayors of the palace (originally supervisors of the royal household but now quasi-hereditary chief ministers)—were especially memorable. Like Gregory II and Gregory III, he gave full backing to Boniface, who continually referred matters to him, and both encouraged and directed his programme for the reform of the Frankish church, appointing him his legate. This was carried through, with the cooperation of Carloman and Pepin, by a series of important Frankish synods, the measures taken being ultimately approved by the pope. The result was the effective strengthening of the ties between the Frankish church and Rome, and the presentation to Zacharias of a remarkable expression of loyalty by a council of the entire Frankish episcopate early in 747. In the same year the pope confirmed the condemnation of two heretical impostors, Adalbert and Clement, by Boniface. In 750, in response to an embassy sent to Rome by Pepin, he delivered the momentous ruling that it was better for the royal title to belong to him who exercised effective power in the Frankish kingdom than to him who had none. The sequel was the deposition of King Childeric III, last of the feeble Merovingian line, the election of Pepin at Soissons (Nov. 751), and his anointing as king by Boniface. Zacharias's part in the transference of the crown to the Carolingian dynasty was to prove of immense significance for future relations between pope and emperor.

Zacharias was an energetic and efficient administrator who, as well as controlling the militia and civil government of Rome, took an active interest in the papal patrimonies. To resettle abandoned land, but also to replace revenues lost through the confiscation of the Sicilian and Calabrian patrimonies by Emperor Leo III, he developed the system of domus cultae, estates held in perpetuity by the church and worked by tenant farmers settled around an oratory. Although he constructed no new church, he carried out a great deal of restoration and embellishment of churches in Rome, continuing John VII's decorative work in Sta Maria Antiqua (where a contemporary fresco portrait of himself can be seen). He also brought the papal residence, moved by John VII to the Palatine, back to the Lateran, not only rebuilding the decaying palace but adorning it with painted murals and adding a sumptuous new dining-room for official purposes. Feast 15 Mar.

Fact of the Day : In Canadian history what was the Clear Grits movement?

(from The Oxford Companion to Canadian History)

Clear Grits. A populist movement that emerged within the Reform Party of Canada West after its electoral triumph of 1847 – 8 . Strongest in the western peninsula of Upper Canada, the movement represented a revival of the agrarian radicalism articulated by William Lyon Mackenzie . Clear Grit egalitarianism encompassed American-style democracy, a radical simplification of the law and the judicial system, and the abolition of professional qualifications for the practice of law and medicine. Grits condemned as ‘aristocratical’ the ideal of British-style parliamentary government to which the Reform Party was committed under Robert Baldwin , and they resented Baldwin's reluctance to secularize the clergy reserves , a longstanding party policy.

In 1854 the party split, its leading cadre and their bleu allies in Quebec joining the Upper Canadian Conservatives to form a new government. George Brown rallied the Grit rump and reconstituted the Reform party on the basis of resistance to ‘Lower Canadian domination’—the supposed oppression of Upper Canada by French-Canadian clericalism and Montreal financial interests. The party's policies of parliamentary representation according to population and, from 1859 on, the federalization of the United Province of Canada were accepted by the bleus in 1864 and implemented three years later by the British North America Act.

The term Grit survives as a synonym for Liberal.

Paul Romney

How to cite this entry:
Paul Romney "Clear Grits" The Oxford Companion to Canadian History. Ed. Gerald Hallowell. Oxford University Press, 2004. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 14 July 2011

Scheduled Classes for Computers

12:30 p.m. - 1:30 p.m. Reserved

Where: Yocum Library instruction area

Description: Mr. Walentis COM121 (20) No instruction, reserve 12 library computers.

6 p.m. - 8:30 p.m. Reserved

Where: Yocum Instruction Area

Description: Ms. Hoerr COM051 (17) Using ProQuest database presented by Ms. Patricia Nouhra

Fact of the Day : Which philosopher introduced the term 'angst'?

(from The Oxford Companion to Philosophy)

Angst . A recurrent state of disquiet concerning one's life which Existentialists interpret as evidence that human life has a dimension which a purely naturalistic psychology cannot comprehend. The term was introduced by Kierkegaard , who held that Angst (usually translated here as ‘dread’) concerning the contingencies of fortune should show us that we can only gain a secure sense of our identity by taking the leap of faith and entering into a relationship with God. Heidegger uses the same term (here usually translated as ‘anxiety’) to describe a sense of unease concerning the structure of one's life which, because it does not arise from any specific threat, is to be diagnosed as a manifestation of our own responsibility for this structure. Sartre uses the term angoisse (usually translated as ‘anguish’) for much the same phenomenon as Heidegger describes.

Prof. Thomas Baldwin

Prof. Thomas Baldwin " Angst " The Oxford Companion to Philosophy. Oxford University Press 2005. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 13 July 2011

Scheduled Classes for Computers

8 a.m. - 9:15 a.m. Reserved

Where: Yocum Instruction Area

Description:

Ms. Essig COM031 Basics of College Study Skills (19) No Inst, reserve

computers only.

11 a.m. - 12 p.m. Reserved

Where: Yocum Instruction Area

Description:

Mr. Jose-Alby Fabiani LIB113 (14) Intro to Library PowerPoint presented by Ms. Patricia Nouhra.

6 p.m. - 7 p.m. Reserved

Where: Yocum Library instruction area

Description: Mr. Walentis COM121 (20) No instruction, reserve 12 library computers.

Reserved Group Study Rooms

4 p.m. - 6 p.m. Yocum 103 Reserved

Where: Yocum 103

Description: Multicultural Awareness Initiative with Alexis Jardine.

6 p.m. - 9 p.m. Tower Room reserved

Where: Tower Room

Description: Honors Ethics Class (10 students) with John Morgan.

Fact of the Day : In the world of food and drink, what was a liberty cabbage?

liberty cabbage During the First World War any reference in the USA to things German was deemed unpatriotic, and this included foodstuffs. An alternative name had therefore to be found for sauerkraut, and the choice fell on liberty cabbage. The image appealed to was presumably of America as the land of the free, defending the liberty of the world against German tyranny. Similar inspirations were liberty sandwich for ‘hamburger sandwich’ (compare Salisbury steak) and, beyond the gastronomic sphere, liberty measles for ‘German measles’. "liberty cabbage" An A-Z of Food and Drink. Ed. John Ayto. Oxford university Press, 2002. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 12 July 2011

Reserved Group Study Rooms

11 a.m. - 1 p.m. Tower Room Reserved

Where: Tower Room

Description: ESL Study Group with Claire Young with 7 students.

Scheduled Classes for Computers

8 a.m. - 9:15 a.m. Reserved

Where: Yocum Instruction Area

Description:

Ms. Essig COM031 Basics of College Study Skills (19) Finding and evaluating Internet sources presented by Ms. Brenna Corbit

Reserved Group Study Rooms

6 p.m. - 9 p.m. Tower Room reserved

Where: Tower Room

Description: Honors Ethics Class (10 students) with John Morgan.

The Yocum Library is Closed Summer Sundays

2011 Summer Sessions & Pre Fall - Sunday, May 22 to Thursday, August 18

Hours for the Yocum Library:

• Monday- Thursday 8 a.m. to 9 p.m.
• Friday 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.
• Saturday 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.
• Closed: Sundays

Internet Research Strategies LIB113

BASIC COURSE INFORMATION

Course Title: Internet Research Strategies

Course Number: LIB113

Academic Divisions: Library

Credit Hours: 3

Internet Research Strategies will teach students to

find, communicate, and critically evaluate online

information. Students will learn how to create

effective research strategies, access information in a

variety of formats, and use online databases and the

Internet. Students will be taught to evaluate

Internet-based information and will become familiar

with practical, social, and ethical issues relating to

information.

Prerequisite: COM 021 or ESL 020

Corequisite: COM 061 or ESL 060 or

COM 040 or COM 041 or ESL 041

MORE.. http://racc.edu/Academics/Course_Syllabus.aspx?course_id=LIB113

Reading Public Museum

Free Reading Public Museum Passes at the Yocum Library Circulation Desk.

Beauty, relaxation, education and celebration.

The Reading Public Museum was founded in 1904 to provide a cultural center for fine arts and sciences. The Museum and Arboretum have and continue to be an educational and recreational focal point for the public and local schools.

The facility, grounds and collections provide a dynamic three-dimensional laboratory and a source of relaxation.

In 1927, prominent Cambridge, Massachusetts-based town planner John Nolen issued a plan for the Wyomissing Development Company (a real estate partnership of Ferdinand Thun and Irvin Impink) that included a generalized plan for the Museum’s Arboretum, as well as a detailed plan for the residential, so-called Wyomissing Park.

Nolen did some landscape advising for the Museum, and Elmer A. Muhs was identified in 1924 as the Arboretum’s landscape architect.

A great number of specimens were generously donated by Bertrand Farr from his superb botanical collection of trees, shrubs and flowering plants, gathered from all over the world. The plantings were carefully located throughout the park and eventually the Arboretum was named an accredited station for the United States Bureau of Plant Industry.

Many of the 65 distinctive specimens on the map of the park today are from the original planting. The trees which are labeled show both scientific and common names.

Large exotic trees are interspersed with indigenous trees and shrubs, serving as an exterior laboratory for anyone wishing to observe the natural world.

The Wyomissing Creek, which flows through the Arboretum and Park, is one of Berks County’s most visited places.

Seasonal changes in the 25 landscaped acres invite leisurely walks along the many pathways or silent contemplation on foot bridges that crisscross the creek.

During springtime in the Arboretum, flowers of all sizes and colors burst forth as sunlight and rains increase air and soil temperatures. Bulbs, herbaceous and ground plants catch the year’s early sunlight to produce their flowers and seeds. Spring breezes assist in fertilization of the early flowering trees and shrubs whose fruit matures through autumn.

MORE..go to.. http://www.readingpublicmuseum.org/arboretum/index.php

Scheduled Classes for Computers

12:50 p.m. - 1:50 p.m. Reserved

Where: Yocum Instruction Area

Description: Dr. Riccardi HUM 271 Philosophy (12) No instruction, reserve 12 computers.

Moved - Language CDs and Tapes

Language CDs and Tapes were moved from the 2nd floor near the reference desk to the 3rd floor.

Coming up the steps, go straight ahead to end of shelves towards the Tower room. Turn left going towards the Penn Street.

The shelves with the Language CDs and Tapes are on the right, just past the water fountain.

Using the elevator, exit right going towards the Penn Street.

The shelves with the Language CDs and Tapes are on the right, just past the water fountain.

Reserved Group Study Rooms

4 p.m. - 6 p.m. Yocum 103 Reserved

Where: Yocum 103

Description: Multicultural Awareness Initiative with Alexis Jardine.

6 p.m. - 9 p.m. Tower Room reserved

Where: Tower Room

Description: Honors Ethics Class (10 students) with John Morgan.

Scheduled Classes for Computers

2 p.m. - 3:15 p.m. Reserved

Where: The Yocum Library

Description: Ms. Gieringer COM 051 (12) Using Proquest Central online database presented by Ms. Patricia Nouhra.

Meet Student Staff - Daniel Smyk

Name: Daniel Smyk
Position in Library: Work-Study
Educational Background: I was home-schooled up until I came to RACC; I'm currently one year through the nursing program.
Favorite Book: "Ada or Ardor: A Family Chronicle" by Vladimir Nabokov, or John Fante's "Saga of Arturo Bandini" (there was a later 4th book, but those first three were the best).
Favorite Movie: "Memories of Murder"
Favorite Area of Library: The shelves throughout the 3rd floor.
Special Interest: Science in general (but especially biology), medicine and health, and cooking/baking.
Hobby: I've been cooking a lot lately, I play way too many video games, and I am a big fan of eating and sleeping. Other than those things, I read a lot and play guitar and banjo (and sort of ukulele).

Reserved Group Study Rooms

11 a.m. - 1 p.m. Tower Room Reserved

Where: Tower Room

Description: ESL Study Group with Claire Young with 7 students

Scheduled Classes for Computers

8 a.m. - 9:15 a.m. Reserved

Where: Yocum instruction area

Description: Ms. Wood COM121 (15) Using ProQuest presented by Ms. Kim Stahler.

12:50 p.m. - 1:50 p.m. Reserved

Where: Yocum Instruction Area

Description: Dr. Riccardi HUM 271 Philosophy (12) No instruction, reserve 12

computers.

Free Summer Kids Movies

JUNE 24, 2011 - AUGUST 18, 2011

READING MOVIES 11 & IMAX FREE SUMMER KIDS MOVIES!

DATE & TIME: Tuesday-Thursday each week beginning June 21st to August 18, 2011. Show times are at 10am.
LOCATION: Reading Movies 11 & IMAX, 30 N. 2nd Street, Reading, 19601
PHONE: 610-374-2828

MOVIE SCHEDULE:
June 28-30: SHREK THE FINAL CHAPTER:
July 5-7: BARNYARD
July 12-14: DESPICABLE ME
July 19-21: HOW TO TRAIN YOUR DRAGON
July 26-28: MEGAMIND
August 2-4: ALVIN AND THE CHIPMUNKS
August 9-11: CLOUDY WITH A CHANCE OF MEAT BALLS
August 16-18: FLUSHED AWAY

5 Movies to Help You Celebrate the 4th of July

1776

[videorecording] / Columbia Pictures ; screenplay by Peter Stone ; produced by Jack L. Warner ; directed by Peter H. Hunt. RACC- Gen. Coll-videocassette

The Music Man

Meredith Willson [videorecording] / Warner Bros.

Yankee Doodle Dandy

[videorecording] / Warner Bros. Pictures, Inc. presents ; screen play by Robert Buckner and Edmund Joseph ; original story by Robert Buckner ; directed by Michael Curtiz. RACC- Gen. Coll-videocassette

All the president’s men

Warner Bros., a Wildwood Enterprises production ; a Robert Redford-Alan J. Pakula film ; produced by Walter Coblenz ; directed by Alan J. Pakula.

The great escape

[videorecording] Mirisch-Alpha picture ; produced and directed by John Sturges ; screenplay by James Clavell and W.R. Burnett.

Connect to a Librarian

While the library is closed on 3rd and 4th of July,

you can still get live help from a librarian by visiting

Access Pennsylvania and clicking on the Chat with a Librarian.

Moved - Music CDs

The music CDs were moved from the 3rd floor to the 2nd floor.

As you enter the library go toward the open staircase. Go to the right side of the staircase and you will see the CDs. Books on Tape and CD are also in this area.

Ask Here PA Open 24/7 during the July 4th Holiday Weekend

"While the library will be closed on July 4th, you can still get live help from a

librarian by visiting our website and clicking on the Chat with a Librarian/Ask Here PA link."